No the SuperFast lights will not do HSS - even with a HSS capable trigger and receiver. There is no real technical (hardware) reason for this: the lights are IGBT, and they will happily mimic slower pulses from other lights (say a speed-light at 10Hz, or a florescent tube starting up), and the receiver hardware is swappable. I have tried getting them to mimic an SB900 speed-light in HSS (by aiming the speed-light at min power at the slave cell on the SF600) and this doesn't work. I have tested my SF600's with the new 2.4GHz receiver and the X-Pro 1 trigger, and corresponding receiver module and this doesn't work either.
Back when those lights were current, Godox had two trigger/controller protocols, and the only common function they supported was basic triggering. The triggers at the time could be swapped from one protocol to the other by some key-press combination at power-on which I've long since forgotten, and the receivers were the same units. The studio heads used one system, and the portable lights used the other. You can tell which one your trigger is on by the scale it uses: the portable lights used fractions of full power (1/32, 1/16 1/8 etc) and the studio heads had a scale from 5 to 10. The triggers would always trigger both, and I routinely mix in my Safari II (which uses the fractional scale) in the studio using the old 433Mhz triggers which are set to use the 5-10 scale (I just have to adjust the power on the Safari pack).
Swapping the plug-in receivers on the SuperFasts to the new 2.4Ghz ones, I can trigger the lights with the X-Pro but I can't control the power, as the X-Pro uses the other protocol. It works flawlessly with the Safari II and the new receiver and I can control the power, turn the modelling lamp on and off, and turn the light on and off (something you couldn't do even with the original controllers). I had hoped when Godox added support for the 5-10 scale on the X-Pro trigger that it would allow output control, however it doesn't, and as the receiver modules are the same for all lights, I think it's something in the light itself. I think that's also the reason why the SuperFasts will not do HSS - even though everything else in the chain is capable - it's something in the way the light implements the control protocol internally, that they just couldn't engineer out with firmware in new the receiver.
As for tail-sync - as Phil says, they are a bit fast even on full power to do this effectively, however it is just about acceptable in some situations
https://owenlloydphotography.com/?p=1657
The newer SuperFast Pro (QT-II) lights will do HSS
Apart from ND filters (on the lens or on the light) another option for wide apertures is to just shoot using the modeling lights. This was shot using the modelling lights with a standard reflector with grid as key, and strip softboxes with grids for the edge lights.
View: https://www.flickr.com/photos/owenlloyd/33281470323/in/dateposted-public/
it won't work for everything - and I certainly don't recommend mixing LED and incandescent modelling bulbs, or even incandescent modelling bulbs of varying output, if colour accuracy is important to you, however it can be very effective - better sometimes if you want hard light, as the sources are typically smaller than a flash tube.