How would this have been achieved

I would think a long exposure (10 seconds maybe). Start the exposure with the wheel on the right of the shot, and with the camera probably on a tripod just pan right so the wheel and all the light etc moves to the left and leaves those light trails across the shot.
 
It looks a long exposure. It could be anything from 5s to 30s depending on ISO and aperture. The trick is to wait a few seconds before and after the panning so that the wheel records on the left and the right.
 
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