OP you were also shooting in Aperture Priority which is fine if you are watching the shutter speed, but i'd* whack it in shutter priority and then you can play around with what sort of shutter speed you need to get what amount of blur
Waht we want to demonstrate here is velocity, and what is velocity? distance over time!
We can play with the time and we can play with distance. Well, a faster car will cover more distance, or a slower car can cover the same distance but it just takes longer but if we then increase the time we can get the same look as the faster car.
Sorry, my descriptions are a bit wooly but basicly a car doing 20mph and you taking a shot at 1/40th will give the same amount of blur as a car doing 10mph with a 1/20th second shutter
*Actually I'd shove it in manual