I've just put my 580EX II on the wifes 650D to check and my flash was recognised and I was able to take a couple of shots which were at the flash's previous settings. I went back into the flash settings to change them and it came up with a message saying there was no flash or it was powered off.
I turned both the flash and the camera off and back on again and it worked fine again. I changed all the setting about (zoom, wireless, ETTL, EV etc) and then took some more shots and they were perfectly exposed.
Try remounting the flash again or power down and restart and see what happens then. This was the first time the 580EX II has been mounted onto the 650D, usually it has a Nissin Di866 if any, but after that first time it seems to work fine every time now.