Garry Edwards
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Well, my favourite definition of a circle of confusion is a group photographers sitting in a circle talking about depth of fieldThat is a masterpiece of utterly pointless garbage, written by somebody keen to show off their knowledge rather than to inform. Those people that understand depth of field should concentrate on making what is essentially a simple concept into one that is readily understood in a meaningful, practical way.
Richard.

In practical terms, I don't believe that COC really is a '4th factor' at all, it's really nothing more than the changing of a standard, variable to suit different negative sizes. I remember, many years ago, that a Russian camera maker published dof figures that suggested that their lenses produced greater dof than those produced by other manufacturers. The reality is that they simply applied a lower standard and changed the COC to suit.