Say I was using a 24-135 f/2.8 lens. What would result in a sharper portrait?
30mm focal range 1m away from my subject at 2.8
Or
85mm focal range 3m away from my subject at 2.8?
the total depth of field here is practically identical according to an online calculation I did, but how would the images differ in sharpness? Or would they be the same?
If the subject is framed the same, ie the same size in the picture, and you use the same f/number, then depth of field will be the same. As you have found out. (DoF changes with different format cameras though.)
It is a common mistake to say that long lenses give shallow depth of field and wide-angles give more. What is happening is that magnification is changing, and that alters depth of field. Same as when you move closer or further away. If you fit a longer lens but also move back to maintain magnification, as in your example, then the two cancel out and depth of field is maintained.
thanks, I did use a calculator and the dof is practically the same which was why I asked my question, what other difference would I see if the dof was the same.
Your 2nd point explains a bit more, so 30mm you get more distortion. Interesting.
I'm talking about on a 1.6x crop camera
You would see two other differences, and both are the result of shooting distance - they both have
nothing to do with lenses or focal length. The reason why wide-angles for example appear to exaggerate perspective is because they allow you to move close and yet still include a lot in the field of view.
If you shoot close, perspective is exagerated - objects close to the camera are large, and those only a little further away are much smaller. Obviously the opposite if you shoot from distance, and it is generally believed that a distance of 6-8ft gives best perspective for portraits.
The other thing that changes is field of view, and IMHO this is the most important thing. More distant shooting position means a longer lens which has a narrower angle of view (same thing as field of view) ie there is less background visible behind the subject.
The reason why this is significant is because it often looks a bit like shallow depth of field. The background is often less cluttered, cleaner, more simple, and so the subject tends to stand out more.
thanks for all the explanations, this makes sense.
Would the same be true of primes? So a 30mm prime compared with an 85mm prime or is it just to do with the way zooms are built?
Zooms, primes, makes no difference.