I'm a bit basic to be honest:
I have two folders on my desktop, one called my images (for personal stuff) and one called work images (you guessed it, for work).
I just create a folder for the shoot in the main work folder – pike fishing with Mr. X for example – and then manually drag the images in off the card. Then I import that folder into Lightroom so it adds it into the library and that's it, done.
All my work shoots are then stacked in the library pane on LR but I do add a prefix, which is an anacronym of the magazine the shot was for. That means I can find a shoot for a particular magazine easily.
For my personal stuff it's the same but in the library pane in LR I have a 'My Images' folder and then all personal folders are held within that.
I don't do date prefixes because I just find them messy to look at; providing everything is clearly labelled it's easy to find shots.
I should probably start making use of all the exif file handling in LR but to be honest, if I want to find a shot taken on a 12-24mm lens for example, can choose that option and LR narrows down my options.
I have an external HD that backs everything p so there are copies. That's about it. Works for me
