There is
NO maximum size.
The distance from which you're looking at the picture is critical.
With a D200 you can make a 12"x8" print which has 323 ppi (pixels per inch) and, assuming your lens is good and that it's in focus etc, it will look sharp even really close up.
If you go for 24"x16", it's only 161 ppi and it will appear slightly pixellated if you stand right close to it - but you'll typically be looking at it from a few feet away and it will look good.
At 48"x32" you've only got 81 ppi, but you need to stand a fair way back to take it all in and from that distance it will again look good.
If you print out each pixel on a piece of paper a foot square, you can assemble them on a disused airfield and it will look brilliant on Google Earth. Though that would be a bit pricey. And it would look
very pixellated close up.
There's a general rule of thumb which says that the optimal viewing distance for an image is the same as the diagonal measurement of the image. It can be shown mathematically that a 6 MP image will look sharp
at any size if viewed from the optimal distance. Yes, that wasn't a typo.
6 MP.
And here's an example of the "disused airfield" approach. Follow
this link to Google Maps and zoom in a bit.