MMM very interesting Mike, and I have finally got what 1:1 means now
The term 'macro' is essentially a legacy of medium and large format film photography where the lens was actually 'enlarging' the subject in the image captured on the film, and with 5x4cm medium format film, or 1x8" large format 'cut sheet' film. When the 35mm format gave amateurs access to interchangeable lens camera and the versatility to attempt more challenging 'stuff', that tiny 24x36mm film frame, practically denied 'true' macro photography, as anything bigger than a 1p piece was always going to have to be 'shrunk' to fit in the frame, same as taking a picture of a person... hence it became synonymous with small object and 'close up' photography, where any 'enlargement' of the original subject is in the reproduction, not the capture... so, making a 12foot tall advertising poster of a grinning girl selling toothpaste or uplift bra, would be as much 'macro' photo as taking a photo of an any, and printing it A4.... It is a bit of pedantry, but, like so much photography, confusion is caused in the fuzzy edges, and that bit of understanding, of the mechanics can be useful in working out what you are doing and dealing with problems.
I do have a table top studio with lights. Used it when I first started taking pic's but got fed up with it as the coloured cloths for backgrounds were crap!
Intent of those, is to provide what is essentially a neutral back-ground, for the subject, which is likely to be something like a coin or piece of jewelry or small artifact, that doesn't intrude on the artifact and provides a clear edge definition. The 'set' provided expected to be used to take shots of things for perhaps sales brochures or maybe collection catalog etc, where you really want to isolate the subject and focus attention on the subject.
What you were doing with the scalextric cars, is much more evolved; you dont just want to show the model, you want to show that model in 'context' and a context that's not that of a toy on a table top, which is what it really is, but to emphasize the models 'aunthenticity', how like a 'real' car it looks, so you need to give it a context that looks as 'realistic' as the model does, and provide a setting that you would expect to find a real car in.. you dont tend to find real cars in a room draped in black velvet .. unless you have wandered into a Kia advert shoot!
So, THAT is where you start to get creative, and crack out the Blue Peter make and do to create a 'setting' for your model as realistic as the model, and the 'craft' is in knowing how 'real' you have to make that setting, and where you can 'cheat' the camera; exploiting shallow DoF to blurr a printed photo backdrop or where you cant... and you need to print that photo-back-drop with enough 'depth' and shoot it at the right incident angle that it retains that depth, to look 'natural'.
It's an absolutely fascinating arena to work in, where my daughter, primed with A-Level Art & Photography 'buzz-words' would call it "A Specialisation of Mixed Media Montage"..... which offers tools and techniques that open up the scope to 'build' a final image enormously.
EG: to get a 'natural context' for your model car, you don't have to build an equal scale model stage set... you could go take photo's of the real pit lane at a real race track, you could then use one of those 'stock shots' to create your backdrop, but to add scale elements, say model road cones, or a burning ball of cotton wool.... and then you could shoot your model car 'green-screen' and montage that into the final image as an element in photo-shop. Ie compile a montage of elements, that are real, and real scale, with others that are models, to create an image that 'looks real', but in which none of the individual elements actually existed in reality or similteniousely in reality as portrayed....
TRICKY bit in any montage, even one as simple as using a photo backdrop, is the LIGHTING. Lets say you used a photo of a pit lane as your back-ground; that back-ground picture taken probably in early afternoon, the sun overhead, the pit garages in deep shaddow; and you put your model car in-front of it, and light it with a single light source, that's not directly overhead, you get contradictory shaddows that can be quite subtle, but jarring to the eye and cause query that denies the reality of the scene, and makes it look 'wrong'.
Which brings me back, it's not just in the lighting, and learning the basics of studio lighting to best flatter a subject... in this area it's also in that set dressing, and then even more, in the 'continuity' and making the elements 'blend' naturally, or only causing incongruity where you WANT incongruity.... playing with the viewers perceptions, making them believe what you want them to believe, think what you want them to think, question only what you lead them to question......
It's almost pure art, in the conception, and just as difficult playing with 'photo-reality' to imply a reality that is only assumed.
Take the example of the Cottingley fairies; {Film, Fairy Tale, a True story 1997}, when two young girls and a box brownie took photo's of the fairies at the bottom of their garden that kept the world guessing for almost a century!
What caused such consternation to authentication in that case was that they used a Box Brownie; a camera, which was factory loaded with film, and returned to the factory to be developed,hence there was no opportunity for the photo's to be faked in processing, whatever the camera saw 'had' to be 'real'... but was it a 'real' fairy?
Eventual admission by the surviving sister after the other's death, was that the fairy's were just paper cut outs, they had made in their bedroom and stuck to twigs and sticks and bits of cotton, in a stage set they had made BluePeter style in the loft with leaves and wood and things found in the wood behind the house!
It's a very charming little story, as well as a good case study, in photography, but more pertinent to you doing scale-model photo's, in how much is in the concept and the planning, then the stage sitting, making the scene, and how little, is in the camera... box brownie ISTR didn't have ANY settings, other than a shutter release! the hours that went into those 8 photos were in the painting and gluing to make the scene infront of the camera, not in the lighting, not in the gadgets around the camera, or in using the camera itself.
But, universal to all photography... no like background? Use another!
However I can not work out how to sync flash with camera, always comes out nearly white???
'sync'?
I confess, I've always struggled with flash photography. Basic principle, as far as I can recall is that the flash is doing the job of the shutter; so on my old film cameras, camera would be set to 1/60th or slower, to avoid curtain masking.. shutter starting to close before the flash has finished, so only exposing half the frame..... you then set the aperture to balence the flash's Guide Number, based on distance from subject to flash... if the flash wasn't on camera, that lead to some complex calculations, ISTR, but on camera or close, flash usually had scale to tell you what aperture to set for any flash to subject distance...... though rarely much under 6feet.
'Syncronised' flash units, with variable GN power settings, that could talk to the camera were uncommon even in the 90's, but principle is the flash tells the camera what aperture to set for the flash power; and or the camera tells the flash to back off the flash power for the aperture and focus distance..... which is all very clever, IF the camera and flash talk a common language...... AND you are using an 'auto' mode.... which using extension tubes you probably aren't and whether the flash can talk to the camera or not,you probably have to go back to basics and work it out by guide number and tape measure, and fire on a slow enough shutter or 'bulb' shutter open. so refreshing my own memory..... Distance = Guide No / aperture @ ISO100; So if flash has a GN of 4, and aperture is set to f4, Distance is 1m..... f16 would give you 1/4m or 25cm.... etc. Ramp the ISO, so you need to reduce aperture or distance. Basically 'shutter speed' becomes an irrelevance. But if you're whiting out.... you're too close or using too wide an aperture or too high an ISO.