A 'stop' as in Waterhouse stop was originally a metal plate with a hole in it, used to stop the light, and only allow a certain amount to pass.
To 'stop down' is a slang term for reducing the size of the hole, to a smaller aperture, ie a higher f/number.
The terminology used for lens apertures is old and confusing and often mixed up - you stop down to a higher f/number, which is a smaller aperture, which is a slow aperture. And that is the oppposite of a fast f/number, or a wider aperture, and so on.
Not very helpful, is it

Brighter and darker are pretty unambiguous terms, but hardly anybody uses them.
The same can be said of shutter speeds - higher and lower, faster and slower etc. Should really be shorter and longer :shrug: