I can tell you....
a lens will generally be referred to as a 18-55 3.5-5.6
The first two numbers are the focal length range. If it is a prime you will only get one number. The so called "zoom" can be worked out by dividing the larger number by the smaller one (55/18=3x zoom) but really focal lengths are far more relevant.
The second two numbers are the f stop range. Some lenses will have a constant maximum aperture (70-200 f4 means that the widest aperture available is f4 throughout the focal length range). If there are two numbers the first number refers to the f stop at the wide end of the zoom. The second number refers to the f stop at the long end of the zoom. So, in the case of our 18-55 3.5-5.6 we could shoot at 18mm and f3.5 or 55mm and f 5.6. We could of course choose smaller apertures. In between the widest and longest ends of the zoom you will have an inbetween value as the max aperture. Eg 35mm f4.
Hope this clears things up.
I should add that there are often a number of letters after the lens. You will ahve to google these, there are rather a lot. The most notable are probably
IS= Image Stabilisation (Canons technology to reduce the effects o camera shake)
VR=Vibration reduction (exactly the same but Nikon lenses)
All the best,
Alex