Here you go then. I think this is a fairly representative real world test, like a sunset maybe. This is with a Hoya Pro1-D UV filter, multi-coated and just about the best you can get, in front of a Canon 24-105L lens which is generally pretty good in the flare department. Light is a little battery powered LED jobbie. Exposure and white balance locked. Also now with a cheapy grad added.
The first thing to say is that pointing the camera at a bright light source is a bad idea - it just washes out contrast all over the frame. But if you do, a filter will make things worse. Note how the flare patch around the light itself is bigger, and the ghost image reflected off the sensor (and back again off the rear of the filter) is brighter.
This kind of thing doesn't show up often, and it's most visible when the light is in the middle, but if you shoot sunsets or maybe street lights at night, car headlights, that kind of thing against a dark background, that's what you'll get with a filter. The worst filters for this tend to be resin grads (third picture) - there's more flare within the material itself, which is essentially plastic, and they're uncoated so the ghosting is brighter. However, unlike UV, they actually do something useful!
PS I miss Arkady

These dabates were much more entertaining with him around
With Hoya Pro1-D UV filter
No filter
Cheap grad - uncoated resin (as they all are) but they're not all quite this bad
Light off