Sunsets

3 stop ND grad usual sort of recommendation.

If you have PS Elements or similar you can do it afterwards in that by taking 2 or more exposures and blending them together.
 
If you were trying to take a shot of the sun would you use a small aperture to let less light in? maybe a quick shutter speed as well. I know it is less light because the sun is setting but if you are shooting right at the sun would that compensate?
 
Even a setting sun is much brighter than the ground, so, whatever you do to expose the sun correctly, the ground will appear dark or black.
Unless you use a graduated filter. (Or take 2 shots, one for sky/sun, one for foreground and combine after in photoshop etc)
 
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I just used a 550D and a Canon 100-400 L for this. It was shot at 1/800 at f10 with ISO 640 at 400mm. There's been no PP to this, apart from a resize, it's SOOC and is a Jpeg. It might not be perfect, but I like it and so do people who check out Flickr.

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Its a lovely photo for sure and at the same time shows that by exposing for the sky the ground has underexposed and is only a silhouette.

If you want detail in the sky and the ground you will need a grad filter or post-processing of 2 or more images.

If you want a silhouette effect then, as your pic shows, no filter is necessary.
 
I'll just throw the reverse grad into the mix too once the sun gets a lot lower/onto the horizon. Ace for sunrises too.
 
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