macro means "whole" and in photography terms means that you are capturing something at 1:1 ratio, that is it isn't cropped which you would have to do to get a whole human body into a picture for example. true macros are 1:1 but it gets used for crop factors of 2:1 or even 3:1 and most people use it as a term to describe lenses that can focus at a shorter distance from the subject